ELISA Untuk Keamanan Pangan

Keracunan Pangan

Penyakit yang disebabkan makanan (atau sering disebut keracunanan makanan) adalah semua penyakit yang timbul karena makanan yang terkontaminasi. Penyebab utama keracunan makanan adalah bakteri dan virus berbahaya, parasit, pengawet makanan dan kontaminan lainnya.

Baca juga artikel lainnya mengenai ELISA Kit Untuk Penelitian Kanker di sini

Di Indonesia sendiri, selama tahun 2017 Badan POM telah mencatat 57 berita keracunan pangan yang diperoleh dari media massa dan PHEOC (Pos Kedaruratan Kesehatan Masyarakat atau Public Health Emergency Operating Center) . Sementara di tahun yang sama, sebanyak 53 kejadian luar biasa (KLB) keracunan pangan dilaporkan oleh 34 BB/BPOM di seluruh Indonesia. Laporan tersebut diperoleh dari Dinas Kesehatan Propinsi maupun Kabupaten/Kota di 34 Propinsi.

Gambar 1. Profil Kejadian dan Kasus KLB Keracunan Pangan Tahun 2017

Gambar 1. Profil Kejadian dan Kasus KLB Keracunan Pangan Tahun 2017

Dilaporkan jumlah orang yang terpapar sebanyak 5293 orang, sedangkan kasus KLB keracunan pangan (case) yang dilaporkan sebanyak 2041 orang sakit dan 3 orang meninggal dunia. Berdasarkan data tersebut diketahui nilai Attack Rate (AR) sebesar 38,56% dan Case Fatality Rate (CFR) sebesar 0,15%. Attack Rate merupakan jumlah kasus pada periode KLB dibagi dengan jumlah yang mengkonsumsi dikalikan 100. Case Fatality Rate merupakan jumlah korban meninggal dibagi jumlah kasus selama periode KLB dikali dengan 100. Ditinjau dari segi etiologi, penyebab KLB Keracunan Pangan dapat dilihat pada Gambar berikut.

 

Gambar 2. Penyebab KLB Keracunan Pangan Tahun 2017

Gambar 2. Penyebab KLB Keracunan Pangan Tahun 2017

 

Keamanan Pangan

Makanan dapat memindahkan penyakit karena makanan yang disajikan tersebut digunakan oleh bakteri sebagai media tumbuh dan mengeluarkan racun yang berbahaya bagi kesehatan. Keamanan pangan dapat diartikan sebagai makanan yang non-toksik, tidak berbahaya, dengan tetap mengandung nutrisi yang dibutuhkan, dan tidak menyebabkan bahaya pada kesehatan manusia, baik level akut, sub akut atau kronis.  Sekarang ini perhatian terhadap keamanan pangan terus berkembang di seluruh dunia terutama di negara berkembang.

 

Solusi untuk Keamanan Pangan

Pengujian pangan memiliki peran penting dalam kontrol kualitas selama proses produksi. Tes kit pangan menjadikan pengujian pangan lebih efektif dan efisien.

ELISA merupakan metode deteksi yang dapat mendeteksi secara kualitatif atau quantitative bakteri, parasit, bahan kimia, residu obat atau kontaminan  pangan lainnya. Elabscience® menyediakan bermacam ELISA kit untuk mendeteksi kontaminan pangan secara  quantitative. Kit ELISA Elabscience® ini dapat digunakan untuk pengujian makanan atau pun juga pakan ternak dengan dasar teknologi immunologi. 

 

Sulfonamides

Detection target Catalogue Number Product name Sensitivity Sample type
Sulfamethazine E-FS-E043 SM2 (Sulfamethazine) ELISA Kit 0.5 ppb Tissue, Serum, Honey, Milk, Egg, Urine
Sulfamethoxazole E-FS-E021 SMZ (Sulfamethoxazole) ELISA Kit 0.1 ppb Tissue, Serum, Urine, Egg, Honey, Milk, Fodder
Sulfametoxydiazine E-FS-E052 SMD (Sulfametoxydiazine) ELISA Kit 0.05 ppb Tissue, Serum, Urine, Honey, Milk
Sulfamonomethoxine E-FS-E051 SMM (Sulfamonomethoxine) ELISA Kit 0.05 ppb Tissue, Serum, Urine, Honey, Milk
Sulfaquinoxaline E-FS-E050 SQX (Sulfaquinoxaline) ELISA Kit 0.5 ppb Tissue, Serum, Urine, Honey, Milk, Fodder
Sulfonamides E-FS-E049 SAs (Sulfonamides) ELISA Kit 0.5 ppb Tissue, Serum, Urine, Honey, Milk
         
  E-FS-E040 SAs (Sulfonamides) ELISA Kit 0.1 ppb Tissue, Serum, Urine, Egg, Honey, Milk, Fodder
  E-FS-E039 SAs (Sulfonamides) ELISA Kit 0.5 ppb Tissue, Serum, Urine, Honey, Milk
  E-FS-E038 SAs (Sulfonamides) ELISA Kit 0.5 ppb Tissue, Serum, Urine, Egg, Honey, Milk
  E-FS-E037 SAs (Sulfonamides) ELISA Kit 0.5 ppb Tissue, Serum, Urine, Egg, Honey, Milk, Water sample
  E-FS-C033 SAs (Sulfonamides) Rapid Test Kit 2ppb Tissue
      (SDZ)  
  E-FS-C028 SAs (Sulfonamides) Rapid Test Kit 20 ppb(SM2) Tissue, Honey, Milk
Trimethoprim E-FS-E023 TMP (Trimethoprim) ELISA Kit 0.015 ppb Fodder, Tissue, Serum, Urine, Plasma
         
         
         
  E-FS-E020 TMP (Trimethoprim) ELISA Kit 0.03 ppb Fodder, Tissue, Serum, Urine, Plasma

 

Nitrofuran

Detection target Catalogue Number Product name Sensitivity Sample type
Sulfamethazine E-FS-E043 SM2 (Sulfamethazine) ELISA Kit 0.5 ppb Tissue, Serum, Honey, Milk, Egg, Urine
Sulfamethoxazole E-FS-E021 SMZ (Sulfamethoxazole) ELISA Kit 0.1 ppb Tissue, Serum, Urine, Egg, Honey, Milk, Fodder
Sulfametoxydiazine E-FS-E052 SMD (Sulfametoxydiazine) ELISA Kit 0.05 ppb Tissue, Serum, Urine, Honey, Milk
Sulfamonomethoxine E-FS-E051 SMM (Sulfamonomethoxine) ELISA Kit 0.05 ppb Tissue, Serum, Urine, Honey, Milk
Sulfaquinoxaline E-FS-E050 SQX (Sulfaquinoxaline) ELISA Kit 0.5 ppb Tissue, Serum, Urine, Honey, Milk, Fodder
Sulfonamides E-FS-E049 SAs (Sulfonamides) ELISA Kit 0.5 ppb Tissue, Serum, Urine, Honey, Milk
  E-FS-E040 SAs (Sulfonamides) ELISA Kit 0.1 ppb Tissue, Serum, Urine, Egg, Honey, Milk, Fodder
  E-FS-E039 SAs (Sulfonamides) ELISA Kit 0.5 ppb Tissue, Serum, Urine, Honey, Milk
  E-FS-E038 SAs (Sulfonamides) ELISA Kit 0.5 ppb Tissue, Serum, Urine, Egg, Honey, Milk
  E-FS-E037 SAs (Sulfonamides) ELISA Kit 0.5 ppb Tissue, Serum, Urine, Egg, Honey, Milk, Water sample
  E-FS-C033 SAs (Sulfonamides) Rapid Test Kit 2 ppb(SDZ) Tissue
  E-FS-C028 SAs (Sulfonamides) Rapid Test Kit 20 ppb(SM2) Tissue, Honey, Milk
Trimethoprim E-FS-E023 TMP (Trimethoprim) ELISA Kit 0.015 ppb Fodder, Tissue, Serum, Urine, Plasma
  E-FS-E020 TMP (Trimethoprim) ELISA Kit 0.03 ppb Fodder, Tissue, Serum, Urine, Plasma

 

Quinolones

Detection target Catalogue Number Product Name Sensitivity Sample type
Quinolones E-FS-C027 QNs (Quinolones ) Rapid Test Kit 0.5 ppb(ENR) Tissue, Honey
  E-FS-C034 QNs (Quinolones ) Rapid Test Kit 2 ppb(ENR) Tissue
  E-FS-C036 QNs (Quinolones ) Rapid Test Kit 5 ppb(ENR) Tissue
  E-FS-E034 QNs (Quinolones) ELISA Kit 0.1 ppb Honey, Tissue, Milk (liquid,powder), Egg, Urine
  E-FS-E055 QNs (Quinolones) ELISA Kit 0.2 ppb Tissue, Honey, Milk (liquid,powder), Egg, Urine
Fluoroquinolones E-FS-E053 FQNs (Fluoroquinolones) ELISA Kit 0.1 ppb Tissue, Honey, Milk (liquid,powder), Egg, Urine
  E-FS-E054 FQNs (Fluoroquinolones) ELISA Kit 0.2 ppb Tissue, Honey, Milk (liquid,powder), Egg, Urine
Enrofloxacin E-FS-E032 ENR (Enrofloxacin) ELISA Kit 0.1 ppb Tissue, Honey, Milk (liquid,powder), Egg
  E-FS-E056 ENR (Enrofloxacin) ELISA Kit 0.2 ppb Tissue, Honey, Milk (liquid,powder), Egg, Urine
Ciprofloxacin E-FS-C035 CPFX (Ciprofloxacin) Rapid Test Kit 1 ppb Tissue, Honey
  E-FS-E033 CPFX (Ciprofloxacin) ELISA Kit 0.1 ppb Tissue, Honey, Milk (liquid,powder), Egg

 

Lean meat powder

Detection target Catalogue Number Product name Sensitivity Sample type
Salbutamol E-FS-C010 SAL (Salbutamol) Rapid Test Kit 5 ppb Urine, Fodder
  E-FS-C015 SAL (Salbutamol) Rapid Test Kit 10 ppb Tissue
  E-FS-E017 SAL (Salbutamol) ELISA Kit 0.1 ppb Urine, Tissue, Fodder
Ractopamine E-FS-C008 RAC (Ractopamine) Rapid Test Kit 3 ppb Urine, Fodder
  E-FS-C014 RAC (Ractopamine) Rapid Test Kit 8 ppb Tissue
  E-FS-E012 RAC (Ractopamine) ELISA Kit 0.1 ppb Urine, Tissue, Liver, Fodder

Clenbuterol-Ractopamine-Salbutamol

E-FS-C005 CLE-RAC-SAL (Clenbuterol-Ractopamine-Salbutamol) Rapid Test Kit 3 ppb/3 ppb/5 ppb Urine, Fodder
  E-FS-C016 CLE-RAC-SAL (Clenbuterol-Ractopamine-Salbutamol) Rapid Test Kit 3 ppb/8 ppb/10 ppb Tissue
  E-FS-C017 CLE-RAC-SAL (Clenbuterol-Ractopamine-Salbutamol) Rapid Test Kit 2 ppb/3 ppb/3 ppb Urine, Fodder
Clenbuterol E-FS-C006 CLE (Clenbuterol) Rapid Test Kit 3 ppb Urine, Fodder
  E-FS-C013 CLE (Clenbuterol) Rapid Test Kit 3 ppb Tissue
  E-FS-E014 CLE (Clenbuterol) ELISA Kit 0.1 ppb Urine, Tissue, Fodder
  E-FS-E025 CLE (Clenbuterol) ELISA Kit 0.05 ppb Urine, Tissue, Fodder

 

Others

Detection target Catalogue Number Product name Sensitivity Sample type
Tetracycline E-FS-C030 TCs (Tetracycline) Rapid Test Kit 10 ppb Tissue, Honey
  E-FS-C031 TCs (Tetracycline) Rapid Test Kit 10 ppb Milk
  E-FS-E041 TCs (Tetracycline) ELISA Kit 0.3 ppb Tissue, Liver, Egg, Honey, Urine
  E-FS-E046 TCs (Tetracycline) ELISA Kit 0.05 ppb Tissue, Liver, Egg, Honey, Urine
Sudan Red E-FS-E016 SUD (Sudan Red) ELISA Kit 0.3 ppb Tomato juice, Ketchup, Sambal, Paprika, Fodder, Egg
Streptomycin E-FS-E031 SM (Streptomycin) ELISA Kit 0.1 ppb Tissue, Honey, Milk
Sarafloxacin E-FS-E022 SAR (Sarafloxacin) ELISA Kit 0.1 ppb Tissue, Honey, Milk(liquid,powder)

Phenylethanolamine A

E-FS-C011 PHEA (Phenylethanolamine A) Rapid Test Kit 3 ppb Urine
  E-FS-E015 PHEA (Phenylethanolamine A) ELISA Kit 0.1 ppb Urine, Tissue, Fodder
Olaquindox E-FS-E007 OQX (Olaquindox) ELISA Kit 0.5 ppb Tissue, Fodder
Olaquindox E-FS-E008 MQCA (Methyl-3-quinoxaline-2-car-boxylic acid) ELISA Kit 0.3 ppb Muscle, Pork liver
Nitroimidazole E-FS-E035 NMZ (Nitroimidazole) ELISA Kit 0.5 ppb Tissue, Honey
  E-FS-E011 MNZ (Metronidazole) ELISA Kit 0.5 ppb Tissue, Honey
Melamine E-FS-C009 MEL (Melamine) Rapid Test Kit 500 ppb Raw milk, Milk
  E-FS-C012 MEL (Melamine) Rapid Test Kit 100ppb Raw milk, Milk
  E-FS-E010 MEL (Melamine) ELISA Kit 2 ppb Milk(liquid,powder), Fodder, Tissue, Egg, Serum
  E-FS-E019 MEL (Melamine) ELISA Kit 1 ppb Milk(liquid,powder), Fodder, Tissue, Egg, Serum
Malachite Green E-FS-C007 MG (Malachite Green) Rapid Test Kit 1 ppb/2 ppb Tissue, Water sample
  E-FS-E013 MG (Malachite Green) ELISA Kit 0.025 ppb Fish,Shrimp
Diethylstilbestrol E-FS-E001 DES (Diethylstilbestrol) ELISA Kit 0.05 ppb Tissue, Pork,Liver, Chichen,Liver
Diazepam E-FS-E027 DZP (Diazepam) ELISA Kit 0.3 ppb Tissue, Urine, Fodder
Dexamethasone E-FS-E009 DEX (Dexamethasone) ELISA Kit 0.1 ppb Muscle tissue, Milk, Fodder
Cimaterol E-FS-E026 CIM (Cimaterol) ELISA Kit 0.3 ppb Urine, Tissue, Fodder
Chlorotetracycline E-FS-E024 CTC (Chlorotetracycline) ELISA Kit 0.1 ppb Tissue, Liver, Egg, Honey, Urine
Chloramphenicol E-FS-C026 CAP (Chloramphenicol) Rapid Test Kit 0.3 ppb Milk, Tissue, Honey
  E-FS-E030 CAP (Chloramphenicol) ELISA Kit 0.05 ppb Tissue, Liver, Honey, Milk(liquid,powder), Egg, Water sample, Urine, Serum, Casing, Fodder
  E-FS-E044 CAP (Chloramphenicol) ELISA Kit 0.025 ppb Tissue, Liver, Honey, Milk(liquid,powder), Egg, Water sample, Urine, Serum, Casing, Fodder
Amantadine E-FS-E006 Am (Amantadine) ELISA Kit 0.5 ppb Tissue

 

Sumber Literatur

  • Brosur Elabscience
  • Laporan tahunan BPOM 2017 (web version)